Lithology, Structure, Geochronology, and Tectonic Implications of the Spider Glacier Unit and Holden Assemblage, North Cascades, Washington

To better understand the effects of deeply emplaced sediments on continental magmatic arcs, researchers study crustal cross sections where meta-sediments are exposed at the surface, such as the crystalline core of the North Cascades of Washington. The 8–12 kbar Swakane Biotite Gneiss has been considered the deepest meta-sedimentary unit in the section, but my mapping shows that the adjacent Spider Glacier unit is probably structurally lower. The Spider Glacier unit consists of biotite and hornblende gneisses, quartzites and rare meta-peridotites, all deformed by highly variably oriented folds with a mean moderate west plunge. My U-Pb dating of detrital zircon indicates that the maximum depositional age (MDA) of the Spider Glacier unit is ~118–110 Ma, which is older than the 93–81 Ma MDA of the Swakane Gneiss. The only rare folding in the Gneiss implies that a tectonic contact separates it from the Spider Glacier unit. Based on rock types and detrital zircon age patterns, the Spider Glacier unit was likely deposited outboard of the Cordilleran arc at 110 Ma or later, incorporated into the arc and folded and metamorphosed between ~110–74 Ma, and imbricated with the Swakane Gneiss between 74–65 Ma. The age data imply that the Spider Glacier unit is a Cretaceous component of the Cascade River-Holden assemblage. U-Pb ages of zircons in the Holden Village area support recent work suggesting that the assemblage includes metamorphosed Late Permian intrusive rocks. Permo–Triassic arc rocks of the assemblage are likely separated from the Cretaceous component by an unrecognized tectonic boundary or unconformity

Time-Out in Madrid: Considering the Role of Time-Outs in Clinical Practice

Prosedur pemeriksaan Antegrade Pyelography (APG) pada kasus Hydronephrosis menurut Long, dkk (2016), menggunakan persiapan khusus pasien. Menurut Aitchison (2010), menggunakan proyeksi AP Pre dan Post Kontras, dan proyeksi AP Oblique 35 derajat (RPO atau LPO). Sedangkan di Instalasi Radiologi RSUD Kardinah Tegal tidak menggunakan persiapan khusus pasien sebelum pemeriksaan APG, dan menggunakan proyeksi AP Pre dan Post Kontras. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui prosedur pemeriksaan APG pada kasus Hydronephrosis, alasan tidak menggunakan persiapan khusus pasien, dan alasan hanya dilakukan proyeksi AP Post Kontras. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Pengambilan data dengan cara observasi, dokumentasi, dan wawancara dengan tiga orang radiografer, seorang radiolog, seorang dokter pengirim, dan seorang pasien. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada bulan Mei 2017. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan interaktif model. Hasil penelitian bahwa Prosedur Pemeriksaan Antegrade Pyelography (APG) pada kasus Hydronephrosis di Instalasi Radiologi RSUD Kardinah Tegal dilakukan tanpa menggunakan persiapan khusus untuk pasien, menggunakan proyeksi AP Pre dan Post Kontras dengan volume total 100 ml. Alasan tidak menggunakan persiapan khusus pasien, karena dokter radiologi tidak melihat adanya perbedaan dari hasilnya, dan pemasukkan media kontras secara langsung ke ginjal tanpa ada hambatan dari organ lain. Alasan hanya menggunakan proyeksi AP Post Kontras, karena radiolog sudah dapat menilai gambaran yang dihasilkan, dan mendapatkan informasi yang definitif untuk kasus hydronephrosis.xiv + 73 p.; Bibl.; Ilus.; 21cm x 29,7c

The Control of Grain-Scale Mechanics on Channel form, Landscape Dynamics, and Climatic Perturbations in Gravel-Bedded Rivers

Landscapes evolve over millions of years, through the complex interplay of climate and tectonics. Mountains in particular represent a staggering range of spatial and temporal scales, challenging our ability to understand how the landscape is sculpted. Mountains do not simply disappear by bulk denudation. The key process of river incision results from the entrainment, displacement, and collision of coarse particles with the bed; a phenomenon known as bed load transport. This dissertation seeks to elucidate how bed load transport in natural rivers is driven by floods, to provide a mechanistic connection between climate and landscape evolution. Field surveys of coarse particle displacement and channel geometry are combined with hydrological time series, to study the interaction between floods and bed load dynamics, and their implications for channel form. Results from tagged cobbles demonstrate that mean particle displacement is proportional to applied fluid momentum in excess of the threshold of motion, while dispersion of tracers is superdiffusive due to the burial and excavation of cobbles. These field surveys reveal that particle motion remains in a state of partial transport for a diverse population of flows, and that particle sorting and transport distances closely match theory developed from small-scale laboratory experiments. Analysis of hydrological time series shows that the threshold of particle motion truncates the distribution of applied stress, resulting in thin-tailed distributions of forcing for flows above the threshold of motion. This analysis further shows that, because a coarse-grained river adjusts its geometry so that the flow at the banks is at the threshold of motion, the probability of experiencing larger stresses diminishes exponentially. Field surveys of channel geometry and particle size reveal that the geomorphological impacts of urbanization are reduced for coarse-grained channels adjusted to frequent sediment transport events. Taken together, these observations indicate that the threshold of particle motion represents a first-order control on the influence of climate on river dynamics, and the landscapes through which they flow

Gas morphology and energetics at the surface of PDRs: New insights with Herschel observations of NGC 7023

Context. We investigate the physics and chemistry of the gas and dust in dense photon-dominated regions (PDRs), along with their dependence on the illuminating UV field. Aims. Using Herschel/HIFI observations, we study the gas energetics in NGC 7023 in relation to the morphology of this nebula. NGC 7023 is the prototype of a PDR illuminated by a B2V star and is one of the key targets of Herschel. Methods. Our approach consists in determining the energetics of the region by combining the information carried by the mid-IR spectrum (extinction by classical grains, emission from very small dust particles) with that of the main gas coolant lines. In this letter, we discuss more specifically the intensity and line profile of the 158 μm (1901 GHz) [C ii] line measured by HIFI and provide information on the emitting gas. Results. We show that both the [C ii] emission and the mid-IR emission from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) arise from the regions located in the transition zone between atomic and molecular gas. Using the Meudon PDR code and a simple transfer model, we find good agreement between the calculated and observed [C ii] intensities. Conclusions. HIFI observations of NGC 7023 provide the opportunity to constrain the energetics at the surface of PDRs. Future work will include analysis of the main coolant line [O i] and use of a new PDR model that includes PAH-related species

Order and structure

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Linguistics and Philosophy, 1996.Includes bibliographical references (p. [291]-306).by Colin Phillips.Ph.D

Benzo[a]pyrene-induced DNA adducts and gene expression profiles in target and non-target organs for carcinogenesis in mice

Background: Gene expression changes induced by carcinogens may identify differences in molecular function between target and non-target organs. Target organs for benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) carcinogenicity in mice (lung, spleen and forestomach) and three non-target organs (liver, colon and glandular stomach) were investigated for DNA adducts by 32P-postlabelling, for gene expression changes by cDNA microarray and for miRNA expression changes by miRNA microarray after exposure of animals to BaP. Results: BaP-DNA adduct formation occurred in all six organs at levels that did not distinguish between target and non-target. cDNA microarray analysis showed a variety of genes modulated significantly by BaP in the six organs and the overall gene expression patterns were tissue specific. Gene ontology analysis also revealed that BaP-induced bioactivities were tissue specific; eight genes (Tubb5, Fos, Cdh1, Cyp1a1, Apc, Myc, Ctnnb1 and Cav) showed significant expression difference between three target and three non-target organs. Additionally, several gene expression changes, such as in Trp53 activation and Stat3 activity suggested some similarities in molecular mechanisms in two target organs (lung and spleen), which were not found in the other four organs. Changes in miRNA expression were generally tissue specific, involving, in total, 21/54 miRNAs significantly up- or down-regulated. Conclusions: Altogether, these findings showed that DNA adduct levels and early gene expression changes did not fully distinguish target from non-target organs. However, mechanisms related to early changes in p53, Stat3 and Wnt/β-catenin pathways may play roles in defining BaP organotropism